Salome Sukhiashvili
PhD Student
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
Salome Sukhiashvili
PhD Student
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Tbilisi, Georgia
The Role and Function of Lying in Georgian and North Caucasian Everyday Fairy Tales
Abstract
Fairy tales, as a genre of folklore, frequently employ magical or fantastical elements to encourage different perspectives on moral issues. Across all types of fairy tales — whether magical, animal, or real — the motif of lying is pervasive and serves specific functions and purposes. Scholars such as V. Propp, W. Miller, and J. Campbell have discussed the role of lies in fairy tales. While Georgian fairy tales have been studied by Al. Glont, there has been no comprehensive work dedicated solely to the role and function of lying within them.
The objective of this report is to compare Georgian and North Caucasian fairy tales, specifically focusing on the role and function of lying. The study aims to identify the commonalities and distinctions in the portrayal of lies in the folklore of these cultures. It will explore questions such as: In what situations do characters resort to lying? What purposes does lying serve? Is the act of lying a deliberate choice for the liar?
Drawing on the works of various scholars, it becomes evident that lying in fairy tales: advances the plot, defines characters, creates comic situations, and serves moral purposes.
In Georgian proverbs, lying appears as a means of self-preservation, as in the concept of "Natsarkhevi." It also serves as a method for acquiring wealth ("earning one rupee") or securing a bride ("three lies"), among other uses.
In North Caucasian proverbs, lying can be seen as a form of punishment, such as in the "Punishment of Mola," though it can also be a means for characters to gain property through deceit.
There is, of course, the archetype of the liar, for whom lying is intrinsic. In North Caucasian fairy tales, this trickster figure often resembles a decoy.
The following scientific approaches will be employed in writing this paper: literary analysis, comparative study, and structural analysis of the motifs of lying and its effects. This approach will help uncover the cultural differences and the significance that lies add to the narrative structure of fairy tales.
Keywords: Satisfactory Fable; Georgian Fairy Tale; Northeast Caucasian Fairy Tale; Lie; Role of the Lie; Function of the Lie